Heart of Darkness Questions - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1341 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Literature Essay Tags: Heart of Darkness Essay Did you like this example? In the beginning of the novel, Marlowrs comparison of the barbarian darkness on the northern fringes of the Roman Empire and the Belgian Congo, the dark heart of Africa, are examples of foreshadowing. Towards the beginning, Marlow is imagining what it must have been like for a Roman conqueror to travel through the jungle and all of the obstacles and hardships that wouldve been put in his way. Harsh weather, disease, and death being only a few of what hed be forced to deal with. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Heart of Darkness Questions" essay for you Create order The idea of the Roman having a fascination of abomination , or an allure to evil, later shows itself in Kurtz after such a long amount of time in the Congo. An example of irony would be the consistent depiction of Africa as a dark and gloomy place, while in reality the Europeans are responsible for starting violence and the natives only start to contribute when they feel the need to fight back. The three main characters Marlow, Kurtz, and the Intended represent distinct point of views on the nature of the world and the meaning of life. Kurtz had fallen victim to the power of the jungle, and while he was the most open minded and optimistic, he became the most dark and evil. He was able to follow through with his dream and work to create a civilized Africa, however, through time, his surroundings molded him into a barbarian himself. As his life is nearing its end, Kurtz becomes hopeless as he reflects back on his own experiences, shown when he exclaims, The horror! The horror!. Marlow acts as the middle ground. While he is somewhat affected by the darkness of the Congo, he tries to not let it get the best of him. While Marlow is excited to go on his adventure and to meet Kurtz, he keeps in mind the dangers that may come with it and how it may affect him negatively. The Intended represents purity and has the most positive outlook on life. She doesnt have the same experiences as Marlow and Kurtz, which keeps her positive and unaware of the danger and negativity in life. They are mutually exclusive in that even though Marlow is trying to avoid the darkness, he wants to get closer to Kurtz. And while the Intended is pure and light, she holds Kurtz, the most evil of the three, on a high pedestal. The jungle changes both Marlow and Kurtz internally, as suggested by the doctor during Marlowrs examination. While Marlow was very eager to travel to the Congo, the journey makes him aware of the heart of darkness in humanity. His travels show him that everyone has an innate sense to do wrong, some will ignore this while others will act on it and do evil. When he returns home hers unbothered by what others would consider problems as he has seen true evil in action. Hers angered by those who find daily life difficult and relates everything back to his experience in the Congo. Marlowrs opinion of Kurtz in the beginning was based off of others opinions and he became interested in Kurtz without meeting him. Before his time in the Congo, Kurtz was a generous mind and noble heart, according to his fiance. After being in the Congo, Kurtz acquired an enormous amount of greed for ivory, doing whatever he could to gain more profit off of it. When the natives realized they were being taken adva ntage of, they saw Kurtz as their enemy. Internally, Kurtz changed so much so that those who he had an alliance with began to despise him and the very thing he wanted to destroy, barbarism, was what he became himself. The Intended backs Marlowrs belief that women are naive and innocent as she doesnt see Kurtz for who he truly is. Shers unaware that after his time in the Congo he himself has turned into a barbarian, the exact thing he wanted to get rid of. She puts him in a higher position as she believes hers a wonderful man, however cannot see what he has become. The African woman on the shore has the power to influence workers with her presence and beauty, which shows that women are a powerful source in menrs lives. While women may seem pure and naive, they have the power to control, influence, and persuade men. The two women knitting at the Company headquarters use dark wool to foreshadow Marlowrs time in the Congo and the dangers that he will face, as well as the darkness in his heart that he will try to avoid. Marlowrs aunt represents a connection to his work and is one of few women that he believes is worthy of respect. The novelrs ongoing theme of women is one of purity and innocence. While women are influential to men and their lives, many are oblivious to reality and the harshness of the world. The pilgrims that Marlow meets and travels with are greedy and their full intention is to earn as much profit as possible. Their travels had nothing to do with friendships or relationships and they didnt feel the need to help each other in times of need, for example when Marlowrs steamer broke down. As stated, They intrigued and slandered and hated each other , meaning they didnt care about each other and if someone got in their way of money, they would have no problem turning on each other. The pilgrims also carry out barbaric acts, shown in their treatment towards the hippopotamus, and they see the natives as less than human. Without hesitation they open fire on the natives because they believe they should be treated like animals. They treat no one with respect because they only want the profit of the ivory and the glory for themselves. Marlowrs description of the helmsman proves that he is capable to see natives as fellow human beings, instead of seeing them as animals, like the pilgrims and other Europeans see them as. Marlow compliments his physique and work ethic and even goes as far as to forming a bond with him, which is shown when Marlow shows remorse for him when he dies. As the helmsman is hit and wounded, Marlow finally realizes that he will somewhat miss having him to work with and feels bad that he has passed. He even goes as far as giving him a short service by ceremonially leaving him in the river. This act proves that, while the darkness of what hers seen in the Congo may have altered him internally, Marlow has the ability to show compassion to those outside of his race in a time and place where most Europeans did not. The Russian at the Inner Station is a foil to Kurtz in most aspects. Kurtz is a strong-willed, ambitious man with a yearn to reach excellence. Hers assertive and persuasive in that hers able to make the natives believe he was a god and create an alliance with them. However, as time passes he becomes exceedingly greedy for ivory and slowly goes insane and haggard. The darkness of the Congo, and his own being, change him internally into an image of death. On the other hand, the Russian is a young man, dressed in colorful patched clothing resembling a harlequin. Hers lively and is more of a follower than a leader, being described as a disciple. These characters add meaning to the story by showing two completely opposite beings and how they behave and interact with others, as well as their outlook on life. Kurtzrs dying words, The horror! The horror! depict how Kurtz viewed his own life. The reader can assume that at this moment Kurtz life is flashing before his eyes and hers realizing the true horror that has happened around him and was caused by him. He recalls the horrible darkness of the world and the reality that hers lived. He might also regret the evil he has done and wished he had been more pure and innocent himself.

Essay on Goya Truth and War - 1133 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; GOYA: Truth and War On May 2nd 1808 the people of Madrid revolted against the French troops occupying their city. The following day the French retaliated. In the remembrance of this event Francisco de Goya painted The Third of May. The horrific scene takes place at night on a deserted hillside. The feeling of horror is conveyed by the churoscuro use of lighting. Painted with intense emotional expression the Spaniards stand before there deaths. The soldiers before them lined up with guns in hand and ready to fire. The Spaniard facial expression and body language differ†¦show more content†¦This was an idea he used in many of his works, for Goya himself was a conflicted man. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; After 1808 Spain was occupied by Napoleonic forces and Goya witnessed first hand accounts of murder, rape, pillaging, and mutilation. He quietly recorded these events until Napoleons demise in 1814. During this 6 year period the brutalities and miseries of war that had occurred effected the lives of every Spaniard as well as the art of Goya. After the demise of Napoleon, Goya saw a chance to create a permanent remembrance of this time period. The results were two large paintings recording May 2nd 1808 and May 3rd 1808 when the French shot suspected Spaniards without trial. Much like Gerricault’s The Raft of Medusa, The Third of May portrays brutal human tragedy. These two paintings tell stories of heroism turned to horrific tragedy with scenes so close that the viewer is forced into the event. In-humanity has now become human. Heroism and suffering now seem equally desperate and pathetic. Although these two paintings are scenes of tragedy, Goya’s painting correlates more directly to war. He conveys war in its most brutal form giving the soldiers a machine like quality. They are lined up in almost identical positioning and attire. Each soldier is in the same tense stance, gripping his rifle as if it were a part of his body, anticipating the recoil of the shots to come. The line of the soldiers, as well asShow MoreRelatedArt History-El Greco4248 Words   |  17 Pagesregarded as among the most important manifestations of the unique Spanish spirit. Whatever the merits of Cossio’s interpretation of El Greco’s genius, it soon acquired the status of doctrine, especially in Spain, where the event of the Spanish-American war of 1898, which cost Spain the last vestiges of her overseas empire, helped to promote this idea. The realization that the days of glory were truly at an end, that the country was no little more than a poor, scientifically backward, powerless EuropeanRead MoreThe Art Scab George Grosz, Berlin Dada, and the Spartacus League5684 Words   |  23 PagesThe Art Scab George Grosz, Berlin Dada, and the Spartacus League I. Introduction A. Topic During post World War I Germany, the Weimar Republic was established as bourgeois capitalistic democracy. However, the period was plagued with income inequality, corruption, and authoritarianism. At the start of this period, the German Revolution spread around the country. In Berlin, the Spartacus League, founded as a communist alternative to the Socialist Democrats of Germany party, was pushing forRead MoreMSG: The Risky Taste Essay2483 Words   |  10 Pagesas where it came from. America first used MSG in the late 1940s. Although great effort was spent to introduce it to the country, hardly anything was accomplished prior to World War II. Despite this lack of accomplishment, its use was first noticed in the food rations of Japanese soldiers during the war. Sometime after the war, a meeting in Chicago was held by the Armed Forces Chief Quartermaster, for the purpose of introducing MSG to United States food industries. Before the year 1958, the FDA didntRead MoreGreek Mythology8088 Words   |  33 Pages  set  of  diverse  traditional  tales  told  by  the  ancient  Greeks  about  the  exploits  of  gods   and  heroes  and  their  relations  with  ordinary  mortals.   The  ancient  Greeks  worshiped  many  gods  within  a  culture  that  tolerated  diversity.  Unlike  other  belief   systems,  Greek  culture  recognized  no  single  truth  or  code  and  produced  no  sacred,  written  text  like   the  Bible  or  the  Qur’an.  Stories  about  the  origins  and  actions  of  Greek  divinities  varied  widely,   depending,  for  example,  on  whether  the  tale  appeared  in  a  comedy,  tragedy,  or  epic  poem.  Greek   mythology  was  like  a  complex  and  rich  language

John Nash Free Essays

Using the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM IV-TR) John Nash has been given the primary diagnosis of being undifferentiated. Plus abnormalities of the brain structure and function, disorganized speech and behavior, delusions, and hallucinations. Nash often has panic attacks, withdrawal from social activities, and loss of attention to personal hygiene and grooming, and the inability to separate real form unreal events. We will write a custom essay sample on John Nash or any similar topic only for you Order Now John Nash is classified under Undifferentiated Type because he had a number of symptoms such as delusions, disorganized behavior, disorganized speech, and hallucinations. He believes he is being forced to work for the government to decipher codes. That they inserted a coded chip in order to keep track of him, and if he doesn’t comply with their wishes, they will expose him to the Russians, who in turn will kill him. This interferes with his personal and work life tremendously. He also thought the imaginary person William Parcher, who belonged to the United States Department of Defense, was out to get him. In his mind, William Parcher was black-mailing him to do as he was told, or the US government would have him killed. I also believe that Nash could also be classified with anxiety and depression because after leaving the mental hospital, he wasn’t able to work, wasn’t able to properly take care of his child, or even feel attracted to his wife. Axis II: Schizophrenia Nash would be determined best under Schizotypical Personality. Nash has excessive social anxiety at times, few or no close friends, paranoia and suspiciousness, and odd disorganized speech. Axis III: John had a late onset of symptoms starting at around age 30. His first hallucination was that of a roommate who moved in shortly after he started at Princeton. His Thoughts are delusional and paranoid. He thought no one liked him and he had no close friends or relationships. He thought that every one of his peers where beneath him. He also thought he was a government agent. He thought people where following him, and he would show paranoid behavior by looking out the windows and over his shoulder. Axis IV: John Nash is a 51 year old, Caucasian male. He has a family wife and child,and is exceptionally smart. Nash’s stress can be blamed on his wife not understanding his problem or he felt like she did not believe him. Another is when Nash came home from the mental hospital and was brought into a house with a new child, which would be a big environmental stressor. He did not know how to take care of the child properly. Also, a new job promotion at Princeton University was also a stressor. Axis V— between 31 and 40 On the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, I believe Nash is in between 31 and 40. John Nash had disorganized speech and disorganized thoughts. John Nash is extremely intelligent has no learning disorder and also had a strange fixation with mathematics. Treatment: Some medication individual psychotherapy so that the Nash can get regularly talked to, focuses on current and past events or problems, experiences, thoughts and feelings. Cognitive-Behavioral Conclusion: John Nash will probably never be completely cured of his mental disorders but the treatment plan that I recommended for him should make him suitable to certain thing so that he can fit into a normal society. How to cite John Nash, Essay examples

Genetics Biology

Question: Describe, using an example for each, three ways in which genes can behave in a non-Mendelian manner? Answer: Gregor Johann Mendel was a scientist and founder of the modern genetics concept. Inheritance is one of the most important and common area of study under modern genetics (Bardoe and Smith, 2006). The reception of genetic features from parents to children or offspring by transmission is known as inheritance (Kimura, 2008). In genetics broadly two types of inheritance are well-known: Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance (Campbell, Reece and Simon, 2004). Segregation ratio of children considerably deviates from expected Mendelian ratio. Though in heritance pattern followed in bacteria, viruses and fungi is non-Mendelian, this term commonly applies to occurrences within eukaryotic reproduction where Mendelian inheritance is characteristically expected. Mendelian inheritance is said to be the inheritance of biological characteristics, which pursues the laws put forward by the renowned scientist Mendel in the year 1856 and 1866. Non-Memdelian inheritance is said to be a common term, whic h refers to any type of inheritance pattern where traits do not separate in relation to Mendels laws. The laws illustrate the traits inheritance related to particular genes on chromosomes inside the cell nucleus (Shontz and Cummings, 2011). According to the Mendelian laws, individual parent donates one out of two possible alleles for a single trait (Van den Veyver and Peng, 2009). Non-Mendelian inheritance takes part in various disease processes. Genes can behave in a non-Mendelian manner or can also be termed as the exceptions of Mendelian inheritance. Few are discussed here. Incomplete dominance: incomplete dominance is said to be a type of intermediate inheritance where a single allele for a particular trait is partially dominant over the other allele. This gives rise to a completely new phenotype where the characteristic is a combination of recessive and dominant phenotypes (van Heyningen, 2004). Crossing of two transitional phenotypes will give rise to the return of intermediate and parental phenotypes. Generally in this condition, the wild type allele produces functional protein and recessive allele either produces no functional protein or does not have correct function. Few examples of incomplete dominance are: a pink snapdragon flower, result of cross-pollination between a white and a red flower, where neither the red nor the white allele is dominant. Rabbit with brown coloured fur, result of one parent rabbit with red allele and one parent rabbit with white allele for fur colour, but no colour is dominating over each other (Phadnis, 2005). Mating of big size American Bulldog and small size American Bulldog and their pup is medium in size. Incomplete dominance is also termed as partial dominance. In this case the phenotype of heterozygous genotype is different and frequently intermediary to the phenotypes of homozygous genotypes (Pritchard and Korf, 2013). In terms of quantitative genetics, if the phenotype of a heterozygote is accurately between the two homozygotes then the phenotype is supposed to express no dominance at all. Co-dominance: co-dominance is said to be an association between two genetic versions. Individuals obtain single version of an allele from each parent. If these alleles are different the dominant allele will get expressed usually and the effect of the recessive allele is masked. In this type of inheritance neither allele is recessive. In co-dominance phenotypes of both the alleles get expressed (Shontz and Cummings, 2011). Co-dominance is different from incomplete dominance where an additional phenotype is generated and both alleles get expressed completely. AB blood group is the example of co-dominance. In human ABO blood group system, the chemical modifications of H antigen on the red blood cell surfaces are controlled by three alleles (Cummings, 2014). IA and IB are co-dominant to each other and dominant over recessive i. The IA coded enzyme adds N-acetylgalactosamine to the H antigen that is membrane-bounded. The IB coded enzyme adds galactose to the H antigen and i allele produce s no alteration. Thus IA and IB are dominant over i. Individuals with IAIA and IAi have A blood group, similarly, individuals with IBIB and IBi have B blood group. Individuals with IAIB have alterations on the blood cells and therefore have AB blood type. Hence IAIB alleles are co-dominant. A and B proteins are functional here and are expressed on the blood cells. Epistasis: epistasis is said to be an interaction between two or more than two genes to manage a particular phenotype. It is an incident which includes single gene effect being reliant on the presence of single or more modifier genes (Zwick, 2010). In this type of gene interaction the epistatic gene can prohibit the manifestation of phonotypical characteristics of hypostatic gene. In case of dominant epistasis inhibitor allele (I) is the dominant allele. Therefore, the inhibition takes place within dominant homozygosity (II) or heterozygosity (Ii). In recessive epistasis inhibitor allele (i) is the recessive allele of epistatic gene. Hence, inhibition takes place just in recessive homozygosity (ii). The word epistasis is originated from a Greek word and the meaning of this word is standing over (VanderWeele and Laird, 2010). So, simply this term represents an interaction between two loci, where phenotypic effect of a single locus depends on the genotype of another locus (Oetting and King, 1999). It is important to note the basic differences between dominance and epistasis. Dominance involves gene interactions which are intra-allelic (Hartl, 2011). But epistasis involves gene interactions which are inter-allelic. In case of dominance single allele hides the result of another allele at same pair of a gene. But in case of epistasis individual gene covers the consequence of other gene at dissimilar gene loci (Ahluwalia, 2009). The gene responsible for albinism is an epistatic gene. Albinism means lack of pigmentation. Albinism gene has two variations: non-albino allele and albino allele. The albino allele cannot synthesize melanin pigment. Mice have other allele pairs involved in the placement of melanin. These are agouti allele that generates dark melanisation of hair, except yellow band at tip and black allele that generates melanisation of entire hair (Lewis, 2007). If melanin is not generated then neither black nor agouti can get expressed, in situations where mouse is homozygous for albino gene. Therefore, homozygosity for the gene responsible for albinism is epistatic to black or agouti alleles and stop their expression (Campbell, Reece and Simon, 2004). In case of incomplete dominance epistasis is present and in case of co-dominance, genes are self-governing and can exist together. This association can be illustrated by one more example: suppose, gene S directs the spine sharpness in cactus. Cactus with dominant allele (S) has sharp spines and homozygous recessive cactus (ss) has dull spines. Simultaneously, N, a second gene determines whether cacti have spines and homozygous recessive (nn) cacti have no spines. Therefore, in this condition, the association between the genes S and N is the example of epistasis (Pritchard and Korf, 2013). When epistatic alleles are aa, and hypostatic alleles are BB, Bb and bb, then the phenotypic expression will be a. When the epistatic alleles are AA and Aa, hypostatic alleles BB and Bb, then the phyno typic expression will be B and when the epistatic alleles are AA, and Aa and hypostatic alleles are bb, then the phenotypic expression will be b. This paper thus describes how genes can behave in a non-Mendelian manner by focusing on the main three ways: incomplete dominance, co-dominance and epistasis. References Ahluwalia, K. (2009).Genetics. New Delhi: New Age International. Bardoe, C. and Smith, J. (2006).Gregor Mendel. New York: Abrams Books for Young Readers. Campbell, N., Reece, J. and Simon, E. (2004).Essential biology. San Francisco: Pearson/Benjamin Cummings. Cummings, M. (2014).Human heredity. CA : USA: Yolanda Cossio. Hartl, D. (2011).Essential genetics. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Kimura, R. (2008).Genetic inheritance patterns. New York: Nova Biomedical Books. Lewis, R. (2007).Human genetics. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Oetting, W. and King, R. (1999). Molecular basis of albinism: Mutations and polymorphisms of pigmentation genes associated with albinism.Hum. Mutat., 13(2), pp.99-115. Phadnis, N. (2005). Widespread Correlations Between Dominance and Homozygous Effects of Mutations: Implications for Theories of Dominance.Genetics, 171(1), pp.385-392. Pritchard, D. and Korf, B. (2013).Medical Genetics at a Glance. Hoboken: Wiley. Shontz, N. and Cummings, M. (2011).Study guide [for Cumming's] human heredity principles and issues. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning. Van den Veyver, I. and Peng, H. (2009). Mendelian Inheritance and Its Exceptions.GLOWM. van Heyningen, V. (2004). Mechanisms of non-Mendelian inheritance in genetic disease.Human Molecular Genetics, 13(suppl_2), pp.R225-R233. VanderWeele, T. and Laird, N. (2010). Tests for Compositional Epistasis under Single Interaction-Parameter Models.Annals of Human Genetics, 75(1), pp.146-156. Zwick, M. (2010). Reconstructability Analysis of Epistasis.Annals of Human Genetics, 75(1), pp.157-171.